Ayshirskaya breed of cows adapted for breeding in the far north.
These animals do not tolerate heat and can do without rich fortified feed.
They are considered sexually mature from the second year of life.
Breed history
For the first time this type of cows appeared in Scotland. Therefore, its name comes from the Scottish mansion Air. The species occurred as a result of the crossing of the Tisvater, Dutch, and sometimes Jersey and Shortgone breeds with outbred specimens.
The official declaration of the crossing of a species occurs in 1862. These cows were brought to Russia after the 1917 revolution.Distribution in the Russian Federation is 3% of all types of cows. Championship takes Finland - 60% of the population.
Specifications
Cows of this species are endowed with proportional physique. Have a strong constitution. Color of cows brown-motley. Sometimes it is possible to meet completely brown or completely white individuals. Their head is elongated, dry. Horns with a slight bend, directed vertically.
The neck is wide, small, with folds. The chest is wide, deep. The sacrum is straight, the bones are very thin. Musculature is poorly developed. Legs are small, straight, proportional.. Cows are endowed with a bowl-shaped udder. Nipples are set wide enough.
Skin without fatthin The number of hairs is rare. The girth of the mouth is 17–20 cm. The girth of the body is 150–160 cm. The height at the withers of adults is 1.0–1.25 m.
A photo
Photo "Yashira" breed cows:
Specifications
Mature individuals are considered from 2 years of age. The first calf appears on the 24-28 month of birth of the individual. Weight newborn calves do not exceed 30 kg. A year later, their weight can be up to 300 kg. And adult cows - 450-500 kg. Bulls can reach up to 1 ton.
But their meat qualities are very low. Slaughter yield of meat products does not exceed 50-55%. The direction of productivity of this type is only milk yield.. The breed is known for its amazing dairy qualities and rich fat content of milk. Fat content is more than 4%.
There are also other dairy breeds of cows, such as: Jersey, Simmental, Red Steppe, Yaroslavl, Kholmogorskaya.
This type of milk is great for making butter. With good rich feeding, one cow can produce 4000-5000 liters of milk per year. Record milk yield 11,000 liters. Duration of lactation is 305 days. The protein content in milk varies from 3 to 4%. The content of somatic cells is low.
Important! Milk can be given to kids. It is used in the production of infant formula.
Nutrition and care
Cows of this species can live in any climatic conditions, except in areas with high hot climates.
The species is common in the north of the Russian Federation, as it tolerates harsh winters well.
Cows easily adapt to snowy regions with cold summers and frosty winters.
Can get by on large stocks of hay and dry food. Due to its small growth - eat little. The view needs vitamins: A, D, E1, B12. They love English ryegrass, hedgehog, alfalfa, clover, foxtail, legumes. In addition to the Russian Federation, the breed is derived in the USA and Canada. Cows are widely raised in farms and barns.
Diseases
Hot dry air adversely affects the health of cows. It can cause serious respiratory diseases, metabolic disorders.
Individuals begin to lose weight. The treatment will take a long time. To completely cure an individual, it is necessary to change the climate of its habitat.
Breeding rules
To preserve the purity of the breed of cows, only interbreeding is required. Crossbreeding with Simmental and steppe individuals is allowed.
The species reacts negatively to cows of other breeds.. Cows can become aggressive and fearful. At such moments they must be isolated.
There have been cases in which individuals have mistreated their calves, bulls and cows of their own species. This indicates the bad character of cows. They practically do not make contact with a person.
Ayshir Scottish cow endures cold. Milk of these cows very fat - more than 4%. Used for the manufacture of butter and infant formula.
With good rich feeding, one individual can give 4000-5000 liters of milk. Slaughter yield of meat products does not exceed 50-55%, and therefore is not profitable.
