Like any living thing, poultry can get sick. The causes of diseases can be different, but in most cases improper care leads to ailments. This is especially true of metabolic disorders, one of which is uraska disease.
The level of the disease (or Kashin-Beck disease) is a disease characteristic of a particular locality, which is expressed in the violation of all types of metabolism. This disrupts the activity of the nervous and endocrine systems, as well as affects the bones, joints and muscles. All animals are susceptible to this disease, including all types of poultry.
Most often, the disease develops in chicks and young stock, since their bodies are not yet formed and are at the development stage. In chickens, seasonal Urai disease is noted in spring.
What is bird disease in Ukraine?
For the first time in the special literature, foci of a level disease that have arisen in the basin of the Level river, the Amur tributary, after which the disease is named, are described.
This disease is considered to be endemic (common in a particular area). It is often due to the quality of water, which affects the mineral composition of plants.
Especially often the disease occurs in areas where the water is almost unsalted (the salt level in it is below 0.03 g / l). In Russia, this disease is characteristic of the Far East and Transbaikalia.
Ural disease refers to the group of non-communicable diseases, i.e. not transmitted from one bird to another. The disease occurs with improper feeding, so if one bird gets sick, then you can expect the development of the disease in other birds that ate similarly.
The prognosis is often unfavorable, since even with a mild course of the disease, complications can occur.
Causes
The main cause of the disease is the insufficient content of essential minerals in the feed, including calcium, iodine, phosphorus, copper, cobalt, aluminum. The disease can also be caused by an excess of metals, especially zinc, lead, manganese, calcium, gold, strontium, barium, chromium, and lithium.
As a result, the conduct of nerve impulses is disturbed in birds, and harmful metals accumulate in the bones, cartilage and other tissues instead of the necessary mineral substances.
Course and symptoms
For birds with urai disease peculiar multiple serious disturbances in the body, including:
- indigestion;
- growth of tissues of the thyroid and parathyroid glands, which leads to a change in their functions;
- atrophy of the pituitary gland, leading to a violation of the release of hormones;
- thinning and deformation of the joints;
- inflammation of the joints with possible hemorrhages;
- increased bone fragility due to osteoporosis;
- muscular dystrophy, including heart muscle;
- decrease and hardening of the liver;
- significant accumulation of soil and sand in the goiter;
- the occurrence of inflammation in the lungs;
- excessive development of the thymus gland;
- ovarian atrophy;
- subcutaneous hemorrhage.
Depending on the duration of the disease and the degree of development of internal disorders, there are several types of course of the disease:
- Sharp
- Subacute.
- Chronic.
External signs
Determine the type of the disease can be by external signs. However, some symptoms are the same for all types.
The main ones are:
- eggshell thin and weak, may be completely absent;
- birds try to pluck each other feathers and peck eggs;
- birds start to peck the earth, clay and sawdust, because of which goiter may clog.
Characteristic manifestations acute current diseases are:
- increasing muscle weakness;
- passivity of the bird;
- indigestion;
- prolonged tremors occurring in different muscle groups.
Typical signs subacute course are considered:
- enlarged head on a short neck;
- excessively enlarged joints, which is caused by the deposition of mineral salts;
- shortened underdeveloped wings.
Hens of Shamo are typical representatives of fighting chickens. Only one appearance speaks of this.In one of our articles we have already considered diseases associated with mineral deficiency in birds. Find out what substances are needed for chickens!
To learn about the proper cultivation of quail at home, click here.
With chronic course diseases observed:
- thickening and curvature of the joints;
- disproportionate development of skeletal bones;
- exhaustion caused by prolonged indigestion;
- general underdevelopment with preservation of features of a chick in an adult bird;
- delays in puberty;
- with a deep lesion of the nervous system, epileptic seizures are possible.
Diagnostics
In terms of its manifestations, urai disease resembles rickets (vitamin D vitamin deficiency), fibrinous osteodystrophy and osteomalacia.
Therefore, a specialist should be careful when conducting a differential diagnosis of these diseases.
Distinctive features such diseases: when rickets adults do not get sick; fibrinous osteomalacia is not accompanied by bone fragility; osteomalacia affects only adult birds.
However, for accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to take into account not only the symptoms and pathological changes in the body, but also the results of chemical analyzes of food, water and blood.
Treatment
For the treatment of a disease it is necessary, first of all, to enrich food with necessary mineral and vitamin supplements. These include:
- a piece of chalk;
- calcium phosphate;
- iodine preparations (iodized salt and potassium iodide);
- bone flour;
- wood ash;
- B vitamins;
- Vitamin D (preferably in fish oil).
Prevention
The main measures for the prevention of ura disease are:
- balanced nutrition with mineral supplements (taking into account the terrain);
- delivery of feed to potentially dangerous terrain;
- quality poultry.
Livonie disease and other metabolic disorders are more dangerous for poultry and can be fatal.
To protect poultry from such diseases, it is necessary to carefully consider the issue of feeding and housing. Responsibility for the health of living creatures in this case lies entirely with the owner.
