The likelihood that among our readers there is not a single person who loves grapes, exactly zero.
After all, the grapes are not only very tasty, but extremely useful.
Moreover, practically every one of us dreams of growing this crop near our own home or summer house.
After all, this plant is not just a source of tasty fruits, but also the finest decor of the yard and garden.
But at the same time, growing grapes is not so easy, so the easiest way to pick up resistant and not whimsical varieties.
For this reason, we want to dedicate an article to grapes not only with very large and sweet fruits, but also not choosy to care.
It will be about the variety "Original", widely known in Ukraine and Russia.
What is the originality of this beautiful grape variety?
This grape variety was born through the efforts of professional breeders from Ukraine. As a result of the crossing of parental forms such as the Damascus Rose and Datier de Saint-Valle grapes, the new grape variety has an attractive fruit appearance and good stability. The main purpose of the Original grapes is table, because when fresh, its berries have an extraordinary pleasant sweetness and are simply swept away from the table.
This grape variety has been widely zoned, but in the south of Belarus, harvesting is possible only when growing a bush in a film greenhouse.
Characteristics of bunches of grapes "Original": what is the difference from other varieties?
The fruits of this grape variety are represented by large clusters with fairly large berries. The weight of one medium bunch of grapes "Original" is 500 grams. Depending on agricultural technology, their size can either decrease or increase to 1.5 kilograms. The shape of the clusters is found mainly conical; in structure they are friable or moderately friable. Berries have a very original and unusual shape.
Most of them are ovate, but nipple-shaped, with a characteristic pointed tip. Due to this form, the fruits of this variety are often used for decoration, especially since their sizes are also quite large - on average, 3x2.2 centimeters. The average weight of one berry is about 5-7 grams.
Regarding the appearance of the Original grapes, they are distinguished by a beautiful pink or white-pink skin color that has a tan on the sunny side. The skin of the fruit is quite dense, but does not affect the harmonious grape flavor of these berries. It should be noted that the special uniqueness of the taste of the grapes of this variety gives a high sugar content - about 20%. At the same time, the level of their acidity is only 5g / l.
Features of the harvest of the variety "Original" and the timing of its collection
Thanks to the strong-growing shrub, the Original grapes are able to please the attentive gardener with very good yields, although they are considered medium with regard to high-yielding varieties. In particular, the optimal load on one bush is about 35-40 holes. At the same time, the maturation of the shoots of this grape is very high - 65-80% - and is the basis of the potential yield.
On one shoot of a bush, an average of 1.2-1.7 clusters matures, which is the yield coefficient of a variety. Thus, even with amateur cultivation, this variety has a very high potential for fruiting.
To harvest the grapes "Original" you can start by the end of August, in more northern regions - in early September. The growing season lasts only 135-145 days.that allows us to attribute it to grape varieties with average ripening time of the crop.
With partial removal of leaves from the bush during the ripening of fruits, grapes ripen not only well, but evenly.
What are the advantages of the grapes "Original": briefly about the most important aspects
• The appearance of the grapes and the color of the berries make the variety well-selling and recognizable.
• The grape bush of this variety tolerates low winter temperatures, in particular, fruit bud is not damaged at -22ºС. However, the grapes still require shelter for the winter.
• Has increased resistance to the most common fungal diseases that can affect vineyards.
• Cuttings root well. The best quality of fruits can be achieved by grafting them on old stocks with a large supply of wood.
• The bush has a bisexual flower, which allows only this variety to be grown on the site.
• A great option for growing on a private plot: even one bush is enough to meet the needs of grapes for one family.
The disadvantages of grape varieties "Original"
Despite the very beautiful appearance of this grape variety, its fruits are poorly transported. Despite the ability to maintain integrity, the berries are very easily detached from the stem, when shaken, very quickly leaving a bunch of naked. The berries themselves have a slightly watery flesh, which not everyone has to taste.
Big trouble can bring a large number of stepsons and the second crop, which is formed on them. This crop takes a lot of nutrients and strength of the bush, which can negatively affect the main crop. For this reason, stepchildren recommended to break off. Moreover, the stepson harvest does not always have time to ripen due to a rather long growing season, which is characteristic of this variety.
Also, under adverse conditions of flowering of the grape bush, the berries can peas. Because of this, the marketability of the crop is greatly reduced, but in any way it is practically impossible to influence this.
Growing grapes "Original" on the plot: instructions and recommendations
If you start planting grapes for the first time, then at least theoretical preparation for this process is very important. Otherwise, you risk simply spoiling even the best quality seedling. In addition, it is important for the grape to pick a good place to grow, where the bush will be protected from cold through winds, but the air around it will not stagnate. Consider in order all aspects of this process.
When is the best time to plant grapes: planting dates
Grapes belong to those types of garden crops that can be planted both in autumn and spring. At the same time, it is unambiguous to answer the question, what time is better suited, since each has its own advantages and certain terms for landing.
The advantages of planting grapes in autumn are that usually at this time the soil is well moistened with abundant autumn rainfall. Thus, you will not be required much attention, because the grapes will be beautifully stored throughout the winter period, because it will be provided with the necessary moisture. Besides, exactly In the fall, specialized nurseries put up for sale a large number of varieties, among which you can choose the most healthy and high-quality.
Autumn planting takes place around mid-October, but can be delayed in September or November, depending on the climatic conditions of the region.
Plus, the spring planting of grapes lies in the fact that the seedling has a whole growing season ahead, for which it adapts well and will get stronger. In addition, in spring planting of green seedlings that were grown from cuttings planted in February is possible. In general, the spring is most often chosen if one is afraid that the sapling planted in autumn will freeze during the winter frosts, which, however, can be easily avoided if it is carefully covered.
How to propagate the grapes "Original": which methods of planting is best to choose?
In general, grapes can be propagated in four ways:
• Planting grapes sapling, which was grown from cuttings, on their own roots.
• Inoculation of varietal grape cuttings on the stock with perennial wood.
• Growing seedlings of grape seed of the desired variety.
• Offsets from a large bush with a large number of shoots.
Professionals point out that the best quality of the fruits of the grapes "Original" can be achieved only by grafting on the old perennial stockwho has already managed to stock up with a lot of wood. Thanks to her and also a well-developed root system, the stem that has taken root after grafting receives a large amount of nutrients and the ability to grow faster and stronger.
In the event that you do not have such a stock, planting grapes on your own roots is also a good option. With proper care, which we describe below, such a vine is also capable of showing good results. The remaining two methods of growing grapes are also quite effective, however, less popular.
Also interesting to read about indoor grapes
What place does grapes prefer to grow?
The grape does not have any particular whims, but some weaknesses of the plant must be taken into account. We have already mentioned that cold drafts are contraindicated in him. Therefore, the best place to plant grapes will be the south or southwest side of your house or other backyard structure. In this case, the plant will not only be protected, but will also receive a large amount of sunlight and heat.
Virtually any soil will suit the grapes, although it is preferable to choose fertile and light soils. In the event that your site has only sand or only clay, they can be made more fertile if you constantly apply large amounts of fertilizer over a period of 1-2 years.
Also, it is important to take into account the level of groundwater, which can adversely affect the bush. The optimum depth for them is no higher than 1.5 meters. It is important to take into account the distance between the bushes, so that they do not take moisture and nutrients from each other. Between strong-growing bushes in the same row, you need to retreat no less than 2 meters, although optimally - 6 meters. If the grapes are planted near the basement of the building, you should move about 1 meter away from it.
Grafting original graft cuttings to the stock
Plant graft to the rootstock is very simple. It is much more difficult to prepare good cuttings and stock. Cuttings are cut from the shoots of a fruiting vine. The optimal number of eyes on the handle - 2-3. Preparation of cuttings is carried out in the autumn, when the bush goes into a period of calm. If you are not going to inoculate it in the fall, you can store it by filling it with sand and leaving it in a room where the temperature does not fall below 12ºС. So that the stalk can retain moisture, it must be waxed.
For direct grafting, the cutting is cut at the bottom. At the same time, the edge should be made wedge-shaped, leaving two shoulders on the sides. Also, so that he quickly rooted, before grafting, the cutting is lowered into the water and solutions of special stimulants, such as "Humate".
Preparation of the stock is to remove the old bush and clean the cut surface to perfect smoothness and cleanliness. Exactly in the middle of the stock with a small ax and a hammer, a shallow split is made. That is where the cutting is placed. At the same time, it is necessary to deepen into the split only the cut part of it, so that all eyes remain on the surface. Further, the cutting is tightly clamped by the stock, which is drawn in with a strong fabric.
Vaccination site is smeared with wet clay.. After this, the stock is watered abundantly, and the soil around it is covered with mulch. Do not forget about the support for the future of the bush, which you need to dig next to the stock.
Features planting grape seedlings varieties "Original"
In the event that you have nothing to plant grapes on, it is best to go shopping for a seedling. You can determine its quality by the white color of the root system and the green slice of its top. A purchased seedling can be planted immediately or stored until spring only by dug it in soil and carefully covered. Just before landing, it is placed in water for several days. The roots can be treated with a growth stimulator, as well as a cutting.
The grape pit needs to be prepared several weeks before planting. The depth must be made very large, at least 0.8 meters, in order to lay a lot of fertilizer on the bottom. As the last 2-3 buckets of good humus and fertile soil, taken from the top of the earth's ball, are used. This mixture is to fill almost the entire pit, leaving only space for the root system of the seedling.
When planting grapes, it is very important that the root neck of his seedling is not under the ground. Therefore, it is necessary to raise it to such a height that even taking into account the subsidence of the soil it was above the surface. Thus, correctly dropping a sapling into a pit, we proceed to his instillation. This should be done carefully so as not to damage the roots. At half of this process, you can pour a bucket of water into the pit to seal the soil and not leave air gaps in it.
Fully filling the pit with a sapling, it still needs to be poured over with 2 buckets of water and, just as when grafting, to mulch the soil around the sapling.
Caring for grapes "Original": we create a comfortable environment for the growth of fruiting
To promote good growth of the bush and the formation of the crop, be sure to water and feed it. In particular, watering is particularly important to carry out the periods before the flowering of the bush and at the very beginning of the formation of the future crop. Water does not need to be poured directly under the shtamb. It is better to make several recesses around it and add all the necessary moisture there.
After that, the grooves are buried and covered with mulch, so that moisture lingers longer in the soil. The best mulch for grapes is blackened sawdust or forest moss.
To increase yields, the bush needs regular feeding and pruning. You can feed the grapes with mineral fertilizers, among which potassium and phosphorus are best, as well as organic. But with fertilizers it is very important not to overdo it and not to bring them directly to the roots (you can do the same manipulations as with watering).
Pruning of the grapes “Original” is very strong, it is recommended to remove from 8 to 12 eyes on each fruitful shoot. In addition, in early summer, be sure to remove stepchildren and thin out the leaves. Due to this, the bush will be better ventilated, and the harvest is better to ripen.
It is important to carry out preventive spraying of the grape bush of this variety from fungal diseases. Such treatments are carried out at the same time as irrigation. Experts recommend using drugs such as Antracol, Copper Oxide or Horus.
