Garlic is a perennial plant. If you decide to grow winter garlic, it is best to take care of this in the fall. Having planted this bulbous plant by winter, next year you will receive garlic of excellent quality and size.
Did you know? Garlic has gained widespread popularity and has more than 70 varieties..
Varieties of winter garlic
Consider what varieties there are and how to choose garlic for planting before winter. Varieties of winter garlic are divided into those that can produce arrows, and those that can not. Below are the most common varieties of it:
- "Gribovsky anniversary". This popular variety of garlic was bred in 1976, it is distinguished by good fecundity. Fully ripens in 105 days, the head of such garlic has 7-10 cloves. The average head weight is 33 grams. The variety perfectly adapts to weather conditions.
- "Dungan local". This arrow-gardening variety. Brought it in 1959, it was intended for cultivation throughout the country. Scales from purple cloves, the number of cloves varies from 2 to 9. In one pod, there can be up to 135 bulbbots.
- "Gribovsky 80". Very sharp variety. From 7 to 11 cloves with a lilac shade. It is a shooter variety that adapts well to all weather conditions. With proper care can be stored for a long time.
- "Kiselev's large tooth". Another representative of arrowed varieties of winter garlic. White teeth with white scales are large in size and regular shape. In one head, on average, 5 teeth are obtained.
- "Otradnensky". The variety was bred in 1979, tolerates low temperatures well. In one head about 6 cloves. It has good immunity to disease.
- "Scythian". A bright representative of the winter varieties of garlic. He was bred in 1993 specifically for the conditions of Siberia. In one head no more than 5 cloves of cream color. Has high immunity to diseases.
- "Hermann". Arrowed variety of garlic. Round shape cloves, which are in the head 7. Can be stored for 9 months.
- "Doctor". This grade of garlic is bred relatively recently. The color of the teeth is pale pink. The weight of one head is 65 g. The head contains up to 18 teeth.
When to plant garlic before winter
Many gardeners are interested in the question of when and how to plant garlic before winter. Winter garlic taken to plant in the fall. The territory on which planting of garlic is planned, needs to be cleared of vegetation no later than the end of July.
The garlic itself is planted six weeks before the onset of frost. Before winter fully enters its rights and the soil freezes, garlic will have time to develop a strong root system of about 11 cm in length, but green growth will not appear.
Did you know? Recommended dates of planting winter garlic - from late September to mid-October.
How to prepare garlic before planting in the winter
If your garlic is poorly stored or its leaves turn yellow early during the growing season, heads begin to rot and so on, then preparation for planting should be done as follows:
- Select planting material. For these purposes, suitable healthy and large garlic. Pay attention to the number of cloves in the bulb, if there are not many of them - do not take them for planting.
Be sure to make sure that all the teeth are healthy, the health of the entire crop directly depends on it. Carefully examine each clove, remove rotten or stained.Pay special attention to the clove bottom. It must be free from defects and have a uniform gray color.
- Treat garlic before planting beds. This should not be neglected. It is thanks to the processing that the garlic will be more durable and viable.
Can be processed garlic in a weak solution of potassium permanganate or copper sulfate. Soak need about 10 hours.
Also ordinary ash can be used. One cup of ash is dissolved in a liter of hot water and left to infuse until the liquid separates and cools completely. Then you need to drain the light liquid and soak the garlic in it for one hour.
Be sure to make sure that all the teeth are healthy, the health of the entire crop directly depends on it. Carefully examine each clove, remove rotten or stained.Important! If there are too many infected teeth, it is better to completely dispose of this batch, since it is likely that the crop will not be obtained from such material.
If painful teeth were not identified, then you just need to treat them with a solution of Fitosporin-M 2 weeks before planting.
Important! You need to disassemble the cloves immediately before disembarking, otherwise they will dry out and will not give growth.
How to prepare the soil for planting garlic for the winter
Proper planting of garlic for the winter - the key to a good harvest. Garlic is a light-loving plant, it needs a lot of sunlight and non-sour sandy soil.
The soil must be manured before planting the previous plant, since fresh manure for garlic is destructive, pests and various diseases will pass from it to garlic.
If, nevertheless, there is a need to fertilize the soil for garlic after the previous crop, then this should be done no later than two weeks before planting.
To start digging up the soil, add 6 g of humus, 30 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium salt to each square meter. Then you need to water the area with a solution of copper sulfate, diluted in water (1:10). After that, cover the treated area of the bed with a film.
After which crops is it best to plant garlic
Sophisticated fruit change plays an important role in the cultivation of any plant. Planting garlic before winter requires the right set of substances in the soil.
If a plant has grown in this area, the necessary set of minerals coincides with garlic, then you will not get a good harvest.
The best option is to consider plants with a long root system. They will deplete the soil in the lower layers, which means that the upper layers will remain intact and are ideal for garlic.
Representatives of such crops may be cereals. Moreover, the crops themselves are siderats. But there are exceptions - oats and barley are not suitable for these purposes.
Did you know? Siderates - plants whose root system affects the accumulation of nitrogen compounds.
Very good garlic grows in the place zucchini, cabbage, beans and peas. He also feels great near the berry crops. If the garlic is small, it can be planted in the places of growing strawberries, raspberries, strawberries. 
But after onion garlic can not be planted, because they have the same preferences in the soil.
Recommendations for planting garlic for the winter
Remember a few rules, and you will always get a good harvest of garlic. The depth of planting garlic before winter should not exceed 10 cm to the bottom of cloves. Depth affects the germination and winter hardiness, and these centimeters can protect the garlic from frost and allow it to rise later.
Plant garlic before the onset of frost so that it can take root, but did not release the leaves (two-centimeter leaves are allowed to germinate, but this is undesirable).
Before planting, evaluate the soil and planting material: if everything is in order, then the garlic and the soil do not need to be strongly disinfected and fertilized. There will be enough ash for garlic, and for the soil - wetting with "Fitosporin".
It is important to determine what kind of planting of garlic in the fall you will have, because the amount of planting material directly depends on this.
