Plum has been grown for a long time. It is rare to meet a person who does not like these alluring and tasty berries. Plums are used anywhere: they make delicious compotes, jams, preserves, sauces. Plums can be frozen and dried. And those who have a cottage, can grow a variety of varieties of plums, without making special efforts. One of the interesting varieties of this type is the dredge.
What is a ternoule: biological features
The first dips appeared as a result of natural breeding, with the joint growth of blackthorn and wild species of cultivated plum. This result attracted the attention of breeders who began to produce new hybrid varieties.
Did you know? Turtle in literary sources appears as a variety of thorns. Even Michurin called the varieties bred by him ternum sweet and ternoy dessert.
The drowning, or thorny plum, belongs to the Pink family, and its description differs little from thorns. This is a branched shrub that grows up to 4 meters in height, or a small tree with strong prickly shoots. The main advantage of dwarfs is stable and abundant yields.
The leaves of the extrusion are small (4.5 cm), oblong-elliptical, serrated at the edges. It blooms with single white flowers with a diameter of 1.5-3 cm, which bloom before the leaves.
The fruits of prickly plum are spherical, dark blue or black with a gray wax coating. The flesh is dense, green, with a sweet-sour taste, rather tart. The berries ripen in August-September and keep on the branches until winter.
Difference of thorns from thorns
For the most part, shreds have retained all the valuable properties of thorns, although its fruits are much larger, less tart and sweeter in taste. And the shrub of the dwarf has fewer thorns than the sloe.
The composition of the fruit of the dwarf differs little from the thorns.
However, in a wild plant there are less sugars - 5–6% (in a dough –– 12–14%) and more tannins and acids.
Did you know? On the venerable age of turn turn, bones, found in buildings two thousand years old.
Selection of the site for planting ternosliva
Over the choice of place on the site do not have long to think - All varieties of dwarf grow well in any part of the garden. Although, according to experienced gardeners, it is best to plant it along the boundaries of the site - this way you can protect the rest of the plants from the north wind. In addition, such a landing scheme will make it easier to deal with numerous shoots.
It is not demanding on soil soils, however it feels best on clayey areas.
Important! It is not recommended to plant valuable crops next to the dwarf - the plant gives numerous young growth.
Planting seedlings are dwarfs
Place for planting a mongrel is prepared in a week - the site is dug up and pits are prepared (depth depends on the size of the roots). A bucket of humus, a tablespoon of urea, a glass of ash and a handful of lime (of course, all the components must be thoroughly mixed) are brought into each pit and covered with a film on top. The distance between the pits should be 80-100 cm.
The seedlings of the dwarf before planting are treated with a root formation stimulator and placed in a prepared pit filled with warm water. The land around neatly tamped and watered. In order for the dunking to settle down well, The seedling should be 2-3 years old.
Important! To prevent the dross from spreading all over the site, it can be artificially blocked when it is planted - bury sheets of slate or iron by 1 meter.
Care and cultivation of fruit trees shreds
Admixture - unpretentious, drought - and frost-resistant plant, landing and care of which do not take a lot of time and practically do not cause trouble.
Soil care
After planting, the adjacent soil should be periodically loosened to facilitate access of oxygen to the root system. In addition, you must not forget about watering the shreds (just do not fill, irrigate as needed) and remove weeds.
Grass near the mongrel is cut, leaving it in place as mulch.
Fertilization
After the dunking begins to bear fruit, to increase the yield it needs to be fed once a season. To do this, use mullein or humus (1 part mullein per 10 parts of water) - 1 kg per bush or mineral fertilizers for berry bushes - 70-80 g under the bush.
Important! Do not exceed the recommended doses, since an excess of nitrogen can cause gamma treatment.
Pruning
Pruning a dresser is probably the most time consuming process for growing it. Pruned plant will have three times a season. This should be done at the end of March, the end of June and the end of July.
Spring spend sanitary pruning removing damaged and dry branches. To avoid thickening, to ensure a sufficient amount of sunlight and air access, in the bush version 4-5 fruit-bearing branches are left. If the need arises, or dunking is grown as a hedge, in the spring you can give the crown an attractive look with the help of molding trimming.
Growing shoots need to be removed at soil level.
Overwintering groundwater
Since the stalks are frost resistant, it does not require shelter from the cold.
However, the spiny plum has more dangerous than the cold, the enemies in the winter time - rodents. In order for them not to damage the plant in winter, it is necessary to trample snow around it, and the trunk can be protected with roofing material or barbed wire.
Even if the pommel is frozen, it recovers well due to prishtambovy shoots and basal shoots.
Description of the varieties of dwarfs
Despite the fact that such a plant as a sink, many tend to be perceived as wild-growing, it has been used in culture for quite some time. The most famous varieties are distinguished by high yield and cold resistance:
- "Autumn". The vigorous variety with medium-sized round-oval fruits.
The color of the ripe fruit is dark blue, the flesh is juicy, green. Differs late maturity.
- "Large-fruited". Srednerosloy tree 3-3.5 meters high. It is characterized by an early fruiting period, self-fertility and yield (up to 30 kg from an adult tree). Fruits are purple, rounded oval. The flesh is slightly tart, sourish and sweet. Ripens late.
- "Burluk". A low tree that starts to bear fruit quickly. Productivity from one tree - 20-25 kg. Fruits - dark purple, ripen in September.
- "Tenkovskaya blue". Srednerosloy tree. Fruits - medium (14 g), oval, dark blue. Ripen in September. The flesh is juicy, sweet-sour.
- "Uzbek". Small productive (20-25 kg) trees. The fruits ripen in September and in ripe form have a purple-black color.
- "Large-fruited early". A weakly vigorous plant that grows up to 2.5 m. The fruits ripen in August, in a mature form, dark purple, slightly tart. Productivity - 12 kg from a tree.
- "Volzhsky". Begin to bear fruit in 4-5 years. Harvest gives every year. Self-fertile variety with good taste. Fruits - dark blue with a thick bright touch. In a mature form, the berries do not have astringency, sweet and sour.
- "Oversized". Low-growing, skoroplodny tree. Fruits are small, ripen in August-September. Mature berries have a black and blue tint.
Useful properties
Adhesives contain large amounts of vitamins, acids, tannins, minerals, sugars, and therefore brings considerable benefits.
Did you know? In some countries, the mercuses are added to the first and second dishes as an acidulant, and in France the immature fruits pickle and get a product that is similar in flavor to the olive.
On an industrial scale, the dough is used to make vinegar and in the production of alcoholic beverages. The bones of the dwarf are used to make activated carbon.
In addition, the extrusion contains a large amount of vitamin C - even more than in black currants, and the leaves of the plant can be brewed and drunk as tea.
Has found application of a mercury drip and in medicine - it is used in the manufacture of drugs for the treatment of diseases of the kidneys, bladder, problems with the digestive tract and to relieve inflammation in the oral cavity.
In folk medicine, the fruits of dough are used as an astringent for diarrhea, decoctions of bark and roots are used as a febrifuge, and flowers are used as a diuretic, diaphoretic and laxative.
Did you know? From the fruits and roots of the dough prepare red paint.
Growing a dresser on the site will bring real pleasure to gardeners. A small effort to care for her will return a rich harvest. This beauty is worthy to take pride of place in the country.
