When breeding violets, several factors need to be taken into account: compliance with the irrigation regime, particularities of breeding conditions — room temperature and air humidity, special conditions for the care of certain plant species.
When overdrying is lost turgor sheet, and the color drops. Overflow is dangerous because the roots rot, and this entails the death of the plant.
To prevent this, you can try to switch to wick irrigation.
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Learn the basic rules for watering orchids.Pros and cons of wick irrigation
The use of a cord, the capillary properties of which ensure the supply of water from the tank to the pot with the substrate, moisturizing it and maintaining humidity, depending on the changing conditions of the plants, is called wick irrigation.
A change in the conditions of maintenance means a change in air humidity, a change in temperature (cold or hot), and the growth of the plant itself.
To decide on the transition to wick irrigation, you need to know about the advantages and disadvantages of this method.
Advantages of the method:
- providing good conditions for the growth of violets - the plant blooms earlier and blooms more magnificently;
- facilitates the work of the owners - eliminating the need for individual watering;
- with a properly selected ratio of water and fertilizer solution, the plants do not overeat and do not experience hunger;
- plants do not need watering during the long absence of the owners - no need to ask anyone to water the flowers;
- the possibility of flooding the plant is reduced, because the water during a wick irrigation flows evenly — when the top layer dries up, it rises from the bottom, wetting the substrate;
- mini-violets, growing in very small pots, grow better, namely, on the wick that does not allow them to dry out;
- small pots are used - plants that do not receive food from the soil do not need large capacity. The cost of such a pot is less than a large one, and less is required for the substrate — a small but saving;
- the smaller the diameter of the pot, the better the violet develops - the flowers are larger, fewer leaves.
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Features growing marigold on your site.Disadvantages of the method:
- if the cord is not properly selected (large diameter, water absorption is too high), the substrate is over-humidified, which leads to the rotting of the roots and the death of violets;
- when wick irrigation is an enlargement of the outlet. Plants take up a lot of space, which is undesirable when breeding different varieties of violets - less space, less varieties;
- in the period of cold weather on the window-sills, the water cools down and cold enters the substrate, which is bad for the plant roots;
- when the content of violets on the shelves and the rack has to take into account the additional load equal to the weight of the container with the solution, and the distance between the shelves, so that between them and the violets was a gap.
In winter, if the window sill is not insulated, it is better to rearrange the violets to another, warmer place, or transfer to regular watering.
Remove containers with a solution, and put the pots with the wick in pallets - at any time you can return to wick irrigation.
What should be the pot
As mentioned above, violets develop better in small pots, receiving food not from the soil, but from solution.
Enough pot diameter from 5 to 8 cm to get a beautifully formed outlet with a large cap of flowers.
In order to avoid accumulation of harmful impurities in a small amount of substrate, it is necessary to transplant violets once every six months.
Soil selection
Ordinary soil used for growing plants is too heavy for violets, absorbs a lot of water, because of which it is compacted and sour.
When wick irrigation soil should be loose and breathable. A baking powder (river sand, vermiculite, perlite) is placed in pots along with peat - the earth is completely excluded.
Soil may consist of:
- store soil for violets + pressed coconut peat + perlite or vermiculite - all in equal proportions;
- coconut peat + perlite or vermiculite - in equal proportions;
- primer for violets + perlite + vermiculite.
To prevent mold growth, phytosporin is added. But if the proportions are violated and the conditions of the content of violets are not met, then phytosporin will not help.
Wick or cord
A synthetic cord is used as a wick, since the natural material is subjected to rapid decay.
The cord must have good water absorption.
The thickness of the cord is chosen empirically. Typically, for a pot with a diameter of 5 to 8 cm, a cord thickness of 0.5 cm is used.
When using wicks made of nylon stockings or pantyhose, the soil locks due to too much water absorption.
Used fertilizers
Fertilizers apply any suitable for violets. Consider some of them:
- Agrecol NPK 9: 4: 5 - with growth;
- Agrecol NPK 4: 5: 8 - with the appearance of buds and flowering;
- solution concentration - 0.5 ml per liter of water;
- Fertilizer - solution concentration: a pack of 100 g per 2.5 l of water. Add to the solution when wick irrigation in the calculation of 1 tsp. on 1 liter of solution;
- Kemira Kombi - 2% concentrated solution: pack of 20 g per 1 liter of water. To obtain a 0.05% solution used for wick irrigation: 5 tsp. (25 ml) to 1 liter of water.
If the plant is constantly on the solution containing fertilizer, the concentration of the solution should be 3-4 times less than indicated in the instructions.
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Growing and caring for vervain in your backyard.Wick irrigation system
For the container under the solution are used dense disposable cups, cut the bottom of plastic bottles - the content of each plant separately.
If you plan to install several pots, then use containers with lids in which the holes for the pots are cut.
The height of the containers depends on the choice of owners of violets, but should not exceed 8-10 cm - more solution is required.
Ceramic pots already have holes in the bottom, and when using plastic utensils, it is necessary to make holes in it. To do this, use a nail heated on fire or awl.
We cut the cord into 15-20 cm lengths. One end is inserted into the hole 1.5-2 cm or we put the wick on the bottom of the pot in a circle with a diameter smaller than the bottom. It depends on the conductivity of the cord.
In the case of a strong locking of the substrate, the cord can be gently pulled out, leaving a smaller length in the pot.
We pour the substrate picked up on structure and we establish a pot in the pallet. Top spill the substrate with water until completely wet. If the soil is a donkey, then add another substrate.
Drain the excess water, plant the plant in the ground and put it in a container with a solution. The water in the tank should be poured over the separated, preferably warm.
The distance from the surface of the solution to the bottom of the pot should be 1.5-2 cm. As the top layer of the substrate dries, water will rise through the cord, moistening the soil to the desired state.
The substrate can dry out if the cord is silted up and the water is not fed into the pot, or you have not watched it and have not added a solution to the tank in time.
The cord must be replaced with a new one, gently pushing it into the hole using a knitting needle or hook.
In order for the wick irrigation system to work again, the ground is spilled from above, and the pot is placed on a container filled with mortar.
It is undesirable to overdry the soil, as the side roots die in the root system, which affects the development of the plant.
Sometimes algae appear on the walls of the containers - these are greens on the walls that do not harm flowers. Sometimes it is enough to rinse the containers so that the green is not so conspicuous.
In order to master the wick irrigation, transfer to it a few violets. Observing the plants, determine the choice of cord, the correct concentration of the solution.
If the violets feel great, the sockets are even, and the caps of flowers are pleasing to the eye, then the rest of the plants can be transferred to the content on the solution. This will greatly facilitate your work, and the plants will develop in more comfortable conditions.
