Garden or plot can not be imagined without apple trees.
Each variety has its own characteristics, which may attract gardeners.
Sort Cherished considered one of the favorite and popular varieties among amateur gardeners. Description of the variety and photos in the article.
What kind is it?
Apple Trees cherished belongs to varieties early winter ripening period.
The fruits are ready for removal already in mid September.
One of the advantages of the cherished variety is the versatility and large the duration of storage of fruits.
Creation of special conditions is not required, the harvest is stored for about five months, with the fruits do not lose their taste.
The winter varieties also include apple trees: Rennet Chernenko, Korey, Lada, Cliff and Gift of Grafsky.
Pollination
For better pollinating apple varieties Cherished such varieties are suitable: Altai ruddy, Altai crimson, Firebird.
Description varieties cherished
The cherished apple varieties are small, spreading.
The height of the trees is often average. Crown of tree is enough sparse, rounded shape. The bark of the tree has a dark brown color, the branches of the tree grow almost under the perpendicular to the trunk.
The shape of the shoots is straight and thin, has high pubescence, the color is dark brown. The leaves of the tree are small, slightly pointed, have a corrugated structure, have a dark green color.
The formation of the fruit occurs on the fruit rods.
Apple fruits grow small, rounded, weighing no more than sixty grams.
The color of apples is pale, most of the surface of the apple can be covered with a blush of bright red hue.
The skin is very smooth, the pulp is of sufficient density, crispy, juicy, the taste is sweet-sour, present. light notes of strawberry flavor, but in general the smell is mild.
An Apple rich in various vitamins, acids, including contains useful ascorbic acid.
The Orlinka apple trees, the Young Naturalist, Kandil Orlovsky and the Talgar beauty and Kupava pears are also particularly useful for their fruits.
A photo
Breeding history
Breeding method at the Research Institute of Horticulture Siberia named after Mikhail Afanasyevich Lisavenko The creeping variety was obtained.
With the help of experienced specialists under the leadership of Lisavenko, this variety was bred by crossing apple trees of the varieties of Melba and Autumn joy in 1958.
Thanks to the selection, the variety has become more resistant to cold, disease and pests. This grade has been entered in the register in 1995.
Resistance to frost can also boast varieties: Covenant, Quinti, Arkadik, Winter Beauty and Aport blood-red.
Place of birth and distribution
Variety cherished grown in Western Siberia: in the Altai Territory, Omsk, Tomsk, Tyumen regions.
The advantage of this variety is high frost resistancetherefore, the apple tree can adapt to cold conditions.
In these regions, these trees are often planted with the following varieties: Imrus, Gorno-Altai, Gornist, Altynai and Lyubava.
Yield
After grafting, an apple tree of this variety begins to bear fruit in the fourth year. Even old trees can bear fruit.
Thereafter the frequency of fruiting - regular, annual. The yield is quite abundant - about seventy kilograms with one unit of wood.
Since the apples on the tree ripen at the same time, harvesting is convenient. Also, the fruits are intended for transportation.
Apples can be processed, canned, consumed fresh or in cooking.
Planting and care
Not only planting, but also caring for an apple tree requires a responsible attitude, for this you need to know some features and rules.
There is no consensus when planting apples.
But it’s necessary to start planting seedlings either autumn timewhen it is about a month before the frost - preferably before the fifteenth of October, or in early springwhen the weather was warm outside the window - somewhere after the twentieth of April.
The first thing you need to dig a hole.
An excavated pit with a distance of four to four meters is suitable for this variety.
The depth should reach about seventy centimeters, and the diameter - meters. It is best to start digging a week before planting an apple tree.
TIP! The lower layer, which is infertile in composition, should be discarded separately from the top, humus.
The bottom must be loosened about thirty centimetersThis soil should stay there. Next, a third of the pit must be filled with fertile topsoil, adding fertilizer there.
So they fall asleep with the upper layer mixed with fertilizers up to about half, then without them. Ready view - the pit should be covered with a mound, towering above the ground level somewhere in the third meter. A peg is driven into the center of the hill.
A tree is tied to a peg with a "eight" so that it is free.
The root neck of the apple should be strictly at ground level.
Proper tree planting guarantees him longevity and a minimum of disease.
Feature of cultivation is the bush form.
It should be noted that the standard height should not be higher than half a meter, then the lower branches will be under the snow cover.
This is useful in case of damage to the upper branches, because lower branches can continue life.
Competent care of an apple tree allows to enjoy a rich harvest as a result. It is necessary to start caring for the tree immediately after planting.
In order to grow lateral shoots, the central conductor of apple trees are cut about two or three buds.
The first year of caring for an apple tree includes watering, and protection against various pests.
Another important point of proper care for an apple tree is regular sanitary pruning. Its essence lies in pruning old and diseased branches, cutting the obsolete tree crown. If you ignore these preventive measures, the apple tree can seriously get sick.
Important preventive measures are top dressing of a tree. First of all, fertilize the soil with humus.
This feeding may be enough for twenty years of life and development of the tree.
In older adults, there may be a shortage of important substances such as nitrogen or phosphorus.
Sign of anxiety can be a change in taste, color of fruits.
To do this, it is necessary to make grooves along the perimeter, into which to put the necessary complex fertilizer, and then covered with earth.
Natural moisture will split the substances that will begin to have an effect. This fertilizer lasts for five years.
Diseases and pests
Late treatment or preventive measures can significantly harm not only the yield of the tree, but also its health, and can also shorten its life span.
The advantage of this variety is resistance to such an unpleasant disease as scabhowever, in epiphytotic years of development, a scab can hit a tree.
This disease can reduce crop quality by 50%.
Fungicides can help in the fight against scab. The most effective fungicide is Ditan M-45.
It not only has the saving properties of scab, but also accelerates the growth qualities of the tree, increases the resistance of apple trees to pathogens, and the defensive reaction can last more than a week.
To protect the bark of the tree from mice, it is necessary to place baits with a poisonous effect around, for example, you can use "Bacterodencid".
While the apple tree is small, the trunk and branches can be wrap old nylon tights.
Also from the mice can help dug shields around the tree, near which it is possible to place bottles containing substances that repel mice (old rags soaked abundantly in diesel fuel).
To do this, just set the feeders near the apple trees.
You can read more about the prevention of the appearance in the garden of such common pests as the codling moth, the mole miner, the fruit strawberry, the silkworms and the haws, in separate materials of our website.
As a preventive measure against diseases, you will have to resort to the use of chemicals.
Spraying should be done at least twice a year.
TIP! The first time spraying should be before the apple blossom, the second time after the flowering, because The first spraying is intended for pests crawling out of the ground, and the second for pests that overwinter in the bark of a tree.
Substances used for spraying: copper sulphate, Bordeaux mixture, iron sulphate, preparations Actellic and Chorus.
Apple tree varieties Cherished is famous for its many advantages: it is winter-hardy, brings a rich harvest, the fruits can be stored for a long time, and the taste of apples does not leave anyone indifferent.
However, despite these advantages over other varieties, there is still a risk of both freezing and tree damage by various diseases, so it is important to carry out a preventive set of measures in a timely manner, and also to devote time to care.
Watch a video on how to get an apple tree to bear fruit.
