Apple tree varieties Kuibyshev brings delicious fruits are amber-yellow.
Apples possess exceptional commodity qualities and are very popular among consumers.
Gentle, juicy, sweet and sour taste of an apple of this variety can not leave indifferent.
Detailed description and photo later in the article.
What kind is it?
Apple tree Kuibyshev refers for winter varieties. Characterized by high yield, winter resistance and drought resistance.
Safety of fruits on average up to three monthsHowever, it depends on the proper storage of apples:
- required optimum temperature - from -2 ° С to + 1 ° С;
- storage in wooden boxes or containers;
- relative humidity 90-95%;
- fruit size calibration;
- sorting apple trees by varieties.
To the winter varieties of apple trees also belong: Idared, Antonovka dessert, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith and Aport.
Pollination
Occurs due to pollen of apple flowers of a self-fertile variety, since an apple tree belongs to the self-fruitful type.
Ideally, plant lanes of two varieties at a distance of five meters from one another.
Apple varieties are suitable for pollination of the Kuibyshevskoe variety: Spartak, Zhigulevskoe, Anis gray, Skryzhapel, Northern synapse, Kutuzovets.
Description varieties Kuibyshev
The appearance of an apple tree is characterized by an average tree height, dense green crown and yellow, large fruits.
Fast growing high and luxurious sprawling crown of medium thickness.
Powerful skeletal branches, in relation to the trunk are located at an angle of approximately 70-80 degrees.
The bark is brown with a gray tinge. Fruiting on kolchatka.
The shoots are well pubescent, large, have a brown color. The leaf is medium in size, oval with a tapered tip. The surface of the sheet is matte.
Relatively large. The average weight of an apple is 150 grams. With proper care, the weight of the fetus can reach 300 grams.
The shape of the apple is correct, symmetrical. On one tree can grow fruits of different sizes. The ribs are pronounced. The skin is glossy, not thick. The color of the apple is bright yellow.
A third of the surface often has a reddish-brown hue. Subcutaneous points are light, almost invisible. The flesh is creamy-white, granular consistency, juicy.
Taste is sweet-sour, has pronounced apple aroma.
Varieties of great taste and aroma can also please: Orlovsky pioneer, Ekranny, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Orlinka and Aromatny.
A photo
Breeding history
The variety of apple trees Kuybyshevskoe was born thanks to the breeder S.P. Kedrinwho hybridized Pepina of london and Antonovka saffron at the experimental station on the gardening of the city of Samara.
The hand of the same breeder owns the Golden Summer, Samara Beauty, Zhigulevsky, Kutuzovets.
Natural growth region
Middle Volga region is a zone of natural growth of the Kuibyshev apple tree, according to the State Registry.
However, the variety is well adapted. in other sunny regions.
If the climatic conditions are not sufficiently suitable, it is important to ensure proper care, and above all, planting a tree.
Yield
Fruits apple tree Kuibyshevskoe brings in the fifth year after landing.
Crops from a young apple tree are removed every year.
Mature tree brings fruits every 1.5-2 years.
Full ripening is noted in the second half of September.
Consumer period lasts till March.
The following varieties are also distinguished by high yields: Lyubava, Antey, Papirovka, Gala and Shtrikel.
Planting and care
The yield and the size of Kuibyshevsk apple-tree fruits directly depend on the care. When planting a tree used classic fertilizers. Caring for an apple tree does not require much effort.
In order for a tree to grow strong, healthy and beautiful, the first thing that is necessary is to choose the right seedling.
Purchase seedlings with a developed root system.
Choose a young seedling,in the zone with the same climatic conditions, then it adapts faster to the soil in the area where it is grown.
Apple trees are usually planted in three seasons: autumn, summer, spring.
When choosing seedlings with an open root system, it is recommended to choose the spring period for planting.
After the purchase of seedlings is very it is important to choose the right place for planting an apple tree:
- sunny territory;
- lack of wind;
- areas for planting should be well drained;
- avoid places where groundwater is located close to the surface
- properly prepare the landing hole.
To make the tree grow strong and bring maximum yield, it is recommended to use loamy soil.
The most important point in the landing process is the preparation of landing holes.
Since the Kuibyshev variety is considered to be a dimensional tree, it is necessary prepare pits with a diameter and depth of 1 meter, on distance five meters apart.
The excavated soil is divided into two parts: soil from the bottom (let's call it soil number 1) and soil from the surface of the pit (soil number 2).
Perform the following steps:
- we process a hole by removing weeds;
- loosen the bottom;
- we fall asleep soil number 2;
- add to the pit manure humus, ashes and mineral fertilizers in the ratio of 1: 0.8: 1 and mix;
- we fall asleep the soil №1;
- carefully plant a sapling;
- we tie an apple tree to a wooden stake.
The first two years it is important that the apple tree was tied to a wooden peg (it is better to use a linden or hazel tree).
The next year after landing, in the spring, it is important to Formation of deciduous crown of an apple tree.
It is necessary to trim the ends of each branch preferably for the first four to five years. prevent the apple tree from producing fruit (it is necessary to pick 80-100% of flowers).
In the first year in April, be sure to irrigate trees with pest control compounds.
This procedure should be carried out twice: when the buds started to swell on the branches and before the buds bloom.
Further, the apple tree does not need any special fertilizer.
Basic care during the first five years after planting:
- tying trees to protect against rodents and hares (material - parchment, lapnik);
- mulching with humus pristvolnyh circles;
- hilling ground to a height of twenty centimeters.
Watch a video on how to properly mulch the soil of tree trunks.
Diseases and pests
Trees of the Kuibyshev variety are characterized by low resistance to various diseases.
Most often it is:
Scab first of all it affects the leaves of the tree, and then it moves to the fruit.
The reason for the appearance of this fungus is most often the stagnation of air inside the crown of a tree or increased humidity.
The first signs of scab are the appearance of green-brown spots on the leaves, also in a large number of small brown, forming a crust, spots on the fruit.
Fruit Rot - A disease of the fungal type, which penetrates into the middle of the fetus through cracks and wounds created earlier by animals, hail or any other way.
The first sign is the appearance of a brown spot on the skin of the apple, which will grow until the apple is completely rotten.
Mealy dew - this is a fungal disease. A characteristic sign of the disease is the appearance of the mycelium fungus in the form of white bloom on the leaves of trees.
Most often, the disease manifests itself after heavy rains. Infection occurs on the tree from the bottom up, until it completely attacks the tree.
Bitter pimples - most often develops due to an insufficient amount of calcium in the soil, an excessive dose of nitrogen fertilizers, high humidity, late harvest time, as well as improper storage conditions.
The disease manifests itself in the form of dark brown depressed spots and affects the fetus in two ways: on the tree and during storage.
The main treatment for apple trees is prevention.
A number of comprehensive measures that bring a preventive effect against various diseases of the apple tree:
- pollination of colloidal sulfur and copper compounds;
- the use of varieties with high resistance to the disease;
- destruction of the affected elements;
- fertilization of potash and phosphorus type;
- soil ash;
- crown formation;
- feed with potash fertilizers;
- Calcium chloride spraying during the growing season;
- timely harvest;
- proper storage of apples.
In addition to diseases, insect pests can also threaten fruit trees. Timely preventive measures taken against a mining moth, a fruit sapstone, an apple moth, a hawthorn or silkworms will save both trees and crops.
The variety of apple trees Kuybyshev has a good yield and brings beautiful fruits with high biological value.
With special training seedling sprout on any soil.
The tree does not require special care. Medium resistant to diseases.
In case of defeat by pests, treatment does not require much effort.
