Mushroom dishes are favorites of any holiday table. Often, among them you can find dishes using ferry - inconspicuous, at first glance, mushrooms.
But experienced supporters of “quiet hunting” will never pass by the little grayish hats of these gifts of the forest.
Let's take a closer look at the botanical features. gray, areas of its distribution, as well as secrets of use in cooking.
Botanical description: gray row looks like
The very name of the fungus itself carries a piece of information about its appearance. So, the hat is really gray, but sometimes there are instances that have a purple and even pink tint.
Did you know? From different mushroom pickers you can hear the various names of these mushrooms. So, they are known as bitter gourds, paths, purple mushrooms, seri, plantains, podoreshniki, seryanki, gray houses.
The closest relatives of bitters are volvushki.
The size of the hat of the ferns, depending on their "age", can vary from 4 to 12 cm in diameter. In young ryadovok it has a convex shape, in mature - funnel. The jagged edges of the mushrooms fold inward. The bottom of the caps has a plate (hymenophore) appearance. 
The mushroom stem is also painted gray. Its length is 4-10 cm. If the bitter bitch is young, its leg is dense, if it is old, it becomes hollow.
It is noteworthy that the white dense pulp of fungi has a pleasant fruity aroma. Milk-like juice protrudes at the places of growth of the paths.
Spread
The distribution area of the podoreshnikov is quite wide. They are found in almost all countries of Europe and Asia. The optimum climate for these mushrooms is temperate.
They prefer swamplands, birch and aspen groves, as well as other types of mixed and deciduous forests. You can collect plantains almost all summer. The season starts in July and lasts until October.
Did you know? Rowing, it turns out, is quite easy to grow at home. It is grown like champignons.
The nutritional value
Cherishki belong to the category of dietary food, which is easily absorbed by the human body. 100 g of mushrooms contains only 22 kcal. 
We offer you the indicators of the nutritional value of sulfur ryadovki:
- proteins - 3.09 g;
- fats - 0.34 g;
- carbohydrates - 3.26 g;
- water - 91.46 g;
- dietary fiber - 1 g;
- ash - 0.85 g
In addition to the above, these gray mushrooms are a real source of vitamins (per 100 g):
- group D - 0.4 µg;
- folic acid - 17 mcg;
- Vitamin C - 2.1 mg;
- thiamine - 0.081 mg;
- Riboflavin - 0.402 mg;
- choline - 17.3 mg;
- nicotinic acid - 3.607 mg;
- Pantothenic acid - 1.497 mg;
- betaine - 9.4 mg;
- Vitamin B6 - 0.104 mg;
- vitamin B 12 - 0.04 mcg;
- alpha-tocopherol (E) - 0.01 mg;
- Vitamin K1 - 1 mcg.
Important! Gorkuchs also contain glucose, destructive, amino acid, and lipid stores. Mushrooms contain the so-called natural antibiotics - aspartic and glutamic acids, as well as glycine, which normalizes the work of the nervous system.
Rich dietary ferry and minerals. 100 g of mushrooms contain:
- calcium - 3 mg;
- selenium - 9.3 mg;
- manganese - 0.047 mg;
- copper - 0.318 mg;
- iron 0.5 mg;
- magnesium - 9 mg;
- phosphorus - 86 mg;
- potassium - 318 mg;
- Zinc - 0.52 mg.
Beneficial features
Such a composition rich in minerals, vitamins, amino acids and other beneficial substances is gray indicating that eating these mushrooms will be of great benefit to the body.
Find out what useful properties such mushrooms as have: flakefish, cheeses, shiitake mushrooms, reishi mushrooms, white heavy trucks, pigs, ceps, boletus, milk mushrooms, boletus mushrooms, chanterelles, boletus mushrooms, boletus mushrooms and champignons.
So, potassium, which is found in mushrooms in a rather large amount, favorably affects the work of the heart and blood vessels, helps to normalize the acid, alkaline, water and salt balance, as well as the metabolism of proteins and carbohydrates.
The presence of choline and B vitamins helps to prevent cholelithiasis, as well as obesity, helps normalize the nervous system.
These elements are especially useful for men because they are responsible for the proper functioning of the urinary system. 
Phosphorus is useful for the growth of bones and muscles, it heads the transport functions in the body.
Betaine is responsible for the formation of intracellular membranes and the organization of intracellular processes.
Important! In general, the use of serushek is useful in diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, rheumatism, osteoporosis, arrhythmias, oncological diseases, and depressive conditions. Mushrooms have antibacterial, antimicrobial, immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory properties.
Cooking Application
Rowing gray is a popular mushroom in culinary circles. Most often it is used in salt form, but you can cook it (about 15 minutes). Boiled mushrooms can be used for cooking any dishes.
For example, they will make an excellent filling for pies, flavored sauces, delicious salads, amazing soups. You can also marinate, fry, stew, freeze or dry.
False (poisonous) cherry: how to distinguish
In nature, there are about a hundred species of ryadovok. Half of them are edible, the other is poisonous.
We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the list of edible mushrooms.
Therefore, anyone who wants to feast on dishes from these mushrooms should carefully study their peculiarities so that a tasty meal does not end with a hospital.
To poisonous species of these fungi include white (stinky), soapy, sulfuric, sulfur-yellow, pointed (mouse, striped), tiger (leopard) and other types of rows. 
In order to distinguish poisonous from edible varieties, it is necessary to carefully study the features of their appearance.
Important! If you have eaten poisonous mushrooms, do not wait until hallucinations or clouding of consciousness appear. It is necessary to immediately consult a doctor.
- Hats white ryadovok in youth, white is inherent, in maturity they are painted with brown specks.
- Appearance leopard, or tiger ryadovki, and the truth resembles the pattern of wool of a leopard or a tiger. It is easy to distinguish by the large brown spots on the cap and the gray colored flesh.
- Both the leg and the cap of the representatives of the mouse ryadov species have a dark gray color. Their pulp has a burning taste.
- Mushrooms of this species with a yellow cap, in the middle of which is a fossa, also can not be used. They are recognized by the sharp smell of hydrogen sulfide, which the mushrooms emit at the moment of fracture.
- An interesting variety ryadovok are soap. Their hats are olive-colored, and their legs are covered with red specks.
Important! Soap rows do not possess poisonous properties, but they are classified as inedible due to the fact that the taste and appearance of boiled representatives of this species resemble soap, therefore it is impossible to eat them.
Preparation of raw materials
Gorkukhi can be collected all season - from July to October. Experienced mushroom pickers advise their collection in ecologically clean areas. You can not take mushrooms that grow near transport routes, because this species absorbs harmful substances too quickly and becomes dangerous to health.
Due to the fact that the ferns prefer to grow on sandy soils, in deciduous and coniferous forests, they accumulate a lot of garbage, sand, clay, leaves and twigs. So that all this does not creak on your teeth when you eat dishes with these mushrooms, you need to thoroughly wash and clean them.
Regarding the washing of the sprouts there is a separate procedure. Collected mushrooms must be placed in a container with salted water, so that they freely float on the surface.
Mushrooms should be dipped in water 3-4 times. So their plates will be quickly and efficiently cleaned of dirt. If necessary, water can be changed. 
In case podoreshniki intend for drying or a freezing, they are subjected to dry cleaning. For this you will need a kitchen knife, a sponge and vegetable oil. The knife is necessary in order to remove dirt and areas that have spoiled, on the body of the mushroom.
Important! If more than 20% of the fungus is spoiled, then it is unusable.
After cleaning with a knife, it is necessary to soak the sponge in vegetable oil and wipe the surfaces of the mushrooms with it. In case of heavy contamination, the mushrooms can be washed under running water. In order to reduce the bitterness of the plantain, it is necessary to remove the film from the cap.
Experienced mushroom pickers speak rather positively of the seedlings and claim that they have an amazing taste in any form: dried, pickled or fried.
Mushroom Recipes
The avid participants of the “quiet hunt” know many recipes for preparing sprouts, the primacy among which is salted and pickled.
Important! Experienced hostesses and mushroom pickers recommend soaking the mushrooms for several hours in cold water before use to get rid of the bitterness.
How to salt
The most common recipe for cooking sprouts is classic pickling. For its implementation, you will need 2.5 kg of mushrooms, 100 g of salt, peppercorns, garlic. To give the dish a unique flavor, you can use fragrant spices: bay leaf, fennel sprigs with inflorescences, horseradish and currant leaves and other spices.
Peeled and pre-soaked in water parsley laid in an oak barrel. It is recommended to lay layers of mushrooms with leaves, spices and salt. Cover salting lid-load and place the barrel in a dark cool place, the best option - the cellar. In 40-45 days, the mushrooms will be ready to eat. 
Pickling
Marinating the parrots should be divided into two separate parts: the preparation of the mushrooms themselves and the marinade itself.
Important! The optimal temperature for storage of pickled, as well as salted, ferry is 0 ... +4 ° С.
1 kg of mushrooms must be thoroughly cleaned and rinsed. After that, put them in a colander and let the excess water drain.
While ferry drip in a colander, you need to start cooking the marinade. For this you need (for 1 liter of water): 3 tbsp. l vinegar, 1 tbsp. l salt, 1.5 tbsp. l sugar, bay leaf, carnation, peppercorns, parsley and other spices to taste. Add spices to the water, bring to a boil and cook on low heat for 5 minutes. Marinade is ready.
We return to the mushrooms. They must be removed from the skin and cut into cubes (can be in half or in quarters). Prepared ferry need to boil for about 30 minutes. At the same time during cooking should collect foam skimmer. 
Cooked parsley need to be placed in sterilized jars, putting spices on the bottom, and pour marinade, then roll up sterilized lids.
Read more about pickles, pickling, drying and freezing mushrooms.
It is necessary to store such a dish in a dark cool room.
Sometimes under the inconspicuous view of the mushroom can hide a unique taste. Toy houses are not only tasty and healthy, but also dietary mushrooms. Knowing the secrets of their preparation, you can please your loved ones with a delicious and unusual dish.
